Tarunalaw: Journal of Law and Syariah

PEMBERANTASAN PERDAGANGAN MANUSIA: TREN, HAMBATAN DAN HAK RESTITUSI KORBAN

Shafiyyah Tamala Yunfa — 2024-07-18

Abstract

This paper discusses the issue of human trafficking that occurs in Indonesia. The development of human civilization changed the form of slavery to human trafficking. At first glance, it appears that the context of slavery in human trafficking occurs in the form of exploitation of human labor through disproportionate compensation. This is reinforced by Law no. 21 of 2007 concerning Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking. This paper aims to map trends, obstacles, and resistance rights of human trafficking victims. Normative juridical research method with a statutory approach. Recently, the trend of human trafficking in Indonesia is Indonesian Migrant Workers, commercial sex, child exploitation, and ship crew cases. The obstacle in eradicating this extraordinary crime is that there are many government officials and law enforcers who help smooth the actions of human traffickers so that the perpetrators are not subject to appropriate punishment. Seeing that law enforcement has not fully accommodated the rights of restitution for victims of human trafficking crimes has led to the emergence of victims' pessimistic views regarding the regulations in force in Indonesia.

Keywords: Human Trafficking, Restitution, Fraud

Abstrak

Artikel ini membahas isu perdagangan manusia yang terjadi di Indonesia. Perkembangan peradaban manusia mengubah bentuk perbudakan menjadi perdagangan manusia. Sekilas terlihat bahwa konteks perbudakan dalam perdagangan manusia terjadi dalam bentuk eksploitasi tenaga kerja manusia melalui kompensasi yang tidak proposional. Hal ini diperkuat dengan Undang-Undang No. 21 Tahun 2007 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana perdagangan Orang. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mempetakan tren, hambatan dan hak resistensi korban perdagangan manusia. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach). Belakangan ini, tren perdagangan manusia yang terjadi di Indonesia ialah Pekerja Migran Indonesia, seks komersial, eksploitasi anak dan kasus anak buah kapal. Adapun hambatan dalam pemberantasan extraordinary crime ini ialah banyaknya pejabat pemerintahan dan penegak hukum yang membantu kelancaran aksi pelaku perdagangan orang, sehingga pelaku tidak dikenakan hukuman yang semestinya. Melihat penegak hukum yang belum sepenuhnya mengakomodir hak restitusi korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang menyebabkan munculnya pandangan pesimistik korban terhadap regulasi yang berlaku di Indonesia.

Kata kunci: Perdagangan Orang; Restitusi; Kecurangan

SEJARAH EMPAT MADZHAB ISLAM DAN EKSISTENSINYA DI INDONESIA

Muhammad Aqil Alfatoni — 2024-07-18

Islamic law as we know and understand it has undergone several phases. Starting at the time of the Prophet until
now. The Prophet has laid the foundation of the law which is upheld by the companions. This research the author
wants to know why many Indonesian people prefer to apply or use the Shafi'i Madzhab. This paper uses empirical
legal methods, with a qualitative approach and historical approach. The data collection technique that the author
uses is a questionnaire distributed to 33 respondents regarding why the general public applies more teachings from the Shafi'i madhhab and through journals and books, so that in this paper using qualitative research. The four main Sunni madhhabs have characteristics that distinguish each other in their interpretation of Islamic law. Despite their differences, the four madhhabs share the same goal of providing legal guidance to Muslims and maintaining the unity of the ummah. The methodology used by the four madhhab imams is certainly different in determining Islamic law. In Indonesia, the Shafi'i madhhab is the most dominant. The majority of scholars, Islamic boarding schools, and Islamic religious education institutions in Indonesia follow the Shafi'i madhhab in interpreting Islamic law. This is influenced by the history of Islam in Indonesia, where most of the spreaders of Islam in Indonesia were of the Syafi'i school of thought.

Penggunaan Arificial Intelegent dalam Pengerjaan Tugas Kuliah Mahasiswa UINSA (Analisis Teori Tindakan Rasional Max Weber)

Lintang Raditya — 2024-07-18

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a system that is developed and continues to innovate deeply fields of study that are created either on machines or computers that have the same intelligence or even more like humans. Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology is often used, not only one or two Artificial Intelligence (AI) platforms have been created by humans for makes human work easier. However, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has various types where each platform has different uses and functions, the author this time wants describes the platforms that students often use for survival universities according to a survey that the author has carried out. Research methods used to find out this phenomenon is a qualitative descriptive research method with techniques collect questionnaire data by asking questions and can be answered directly by respondents according to their respective answers. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has potential play an important role in supporting students with learning disabilities and helping them reach their maximum potential. For the emotional plane students, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can help build feelings confident in learning outcomes, because human artificial intelligence technology can help learning in a pleasant and comfortable environment, thereby increasing the sense of self-confidence and reduce anxiety in learning. UINSA student use this intelligence tool to make work easier and save money their time. This human artificial intelligence technology also does not completely have it benefits for students, if we as students are aware of technological advances with the suitability of his actions regarding Max Weber's rational actions, for achieveing the actor’s dreams.

Abstrak
Artificial Intelligence (AI) merupakan sistem yang dikembangkan dan terus berinovasi dalam bidang studi yang yang dibuat baik pada mesin ataupun komputer yang memiliki kecerdasan sama atau bahkan lebih seperti manusia. Teknologi Artificial Intelligence (AI) sering digunakan, tidak hanya satu atau dua saja platform Artificial Intelligence (AI) yang diciptakan manusia untuk memudahkan pekerjaan manusia. Namun, Artificial Intelligence (AI) memiliki berbagai jenis yang setiap platform memiliki tata guna dan fungsi yang berbeda, penulis kali ini ingin menjabarkan platform-platform yang sering digunakan mahasiswa dalam keberlangsungan hidup universitas menurut survey yang sudah penulis laksanakan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk mengetahui fenomena ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data kuesioner dengan memberikan pertanyaan dan dapat dijawab langsung oleh responden sesuai dengan jawaban mereka masing-masing. Artificial Intelligence (AI) berpotensi memainkan peran penting dalam mendukung mahasiswa dengan ketidakmampuan belajar dan membantu mereka mencapai potensi maksimal mereka. Untuk bidang emosional mahasiswa, penggunaan teknologi Artificial Intelligence (AI) dapat membantu membangun rasa percaya diri dalam hasil belajar, karena teknologi kecerdasan buatan manusia dapat membantu pembelajaran dalam lingkungan yang menyenangkan dan nyaman, sehingga meningkatkan rasa percaya diri dan mengurangi kecemasan dalam belajar. Mahasiswa UINSA mempergunakan alat bantu kecerdasan ini untuk mempermudah pengerjaan serta menghemat waktu mereka.Upaya yang mereka lakukan telah dijelaskan oleh Max Weber sebagai bentuk dari tindakan rasional yang berorientasi, kepada cita-cita para pelaku.

Kata kunci: Artificial Intellegence, Pembelajaran, tindakan rasional

Analisis Teori Filsafat Ilmu Kebenaran Korespondensi Oleh Alfred Tarski Dalam Putusan Pembunuhan Berencana Ferdy Sambo

Tabitha Erlinda Rachmawati — 2024-07-18

Abstract

Truth is that which corresponds to facts that are in harmony with statements that are in harmony with the actual situation. This research analyzes the application of the philosophical theory of correspondence truth science put forward by Alfred Tarski in the verdict of the Ferdy Sambo premeditated murder case. The correspondence theory of truth is based on the principle that a statement is considered true if it corresponds to existing reality or facts. This research aims to test the validity of the facts presented in the case using correspondence truth criteria. The method used in this research is normative qualitative research, where this research uses a method of analyzing a scientific work that is appropriate to the source of the problem being studied. The research results show that the application of the correspondence theory of truth helps in clarifying and confirming the conformity between the statements in the Criminal Code and the ITE Law and the results of the decision handed down to Ferdy Sambo.

Keywords: Correspondence Truth, Alfred Tarski, Premeditated Murder, Ferdy Sambo.

Abstrak

Kebenaran adalah yang bersesuaian dengan fakta yang berselaras dengan pernyataan yang serasi dengan situasi aktual. Penelitian ini menganalisis penerapan teori filsafat ilmu kebenaran korespondensi yang dikemukakan oleh Alfred Tarski dalam putusan kasus pembunuhan berencana Ferdy Sambo. Teori kebenaran korespondensi berasaskan prinsip bahwa suatu pernyataan dianggap benar jika ia sesuai dengan kenyataan atau fakta yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji keabsahan fakta-fakta yang dihadirkan dalam kasus tersebut dengan menggunakan kriteria kebenaran korespondensi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif normative yang mana penelitian ini menggunakan cara menganalisis sebuah karya ilmiah yang sesuai dengan sumber masalah yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan teori kebenaran korespondensi membantu dalam mengklarifikasi dan mengonfirmasi kesesuaian antara pernyataan di dalam KUHP maupun UU ITE dengan hasil putusan yang di jatuhkan kepada Ferdy Sambo sudah sesuai.

Mengkaji Praktik Aborsi di Indonesia: Penyebab, Dampak, dan Stigma Masyarakat

elvira damayanti — 2024-07-18

Abstract

This article discusses the development of abortion practices in Indonesia with a focus on societal stigma and the social impacts that occur. Through data analysis and distribution of quiestionaire forms, this article present an overview of the causes of the practice of abortion and how society stigmatizez the practice of abortion. Apart from that, this article also explores the impact of several aspect including social, pshycological and the impact on the female reproductive system. In this article, we also collect the legality and legal basis for the practice of abortion. It is hoped that this analysis can provide a good understanding of the complexity of the abortion issue in Indonesia and encourage further discussion of solutions that can be used to prevent the high number of abortions in Indonesia. In this way, it is hoped that abortion cases in Indonesia will noy increase every years.

Keywords: Society, Practice, Abortion, Social, Psychology

Abstrak

Pada artikel ini membahas terkait perkembangan praktik aborsi di Indonesia dengan fokus pada stigma masyarakat dan dampak sosial yang terjadi. Melalui analisis evaluasi data dan penyebaran form kuisioner, artikel ini menyajikan gambaran terkait penyebab dilakukannya praktik aborsi serta bagaimana stigma masyarakat akan adanya praktik aborsi tersebut. Selain itu, artikel ini juga mengeksplorasi dampak dari beberapa aspek termasuk sosial, psikologi dan dampak tersendiri pada sistem reproduksi perempuan. Pada artikel ini, kami juga mengumpulkan legalitas serta dasar hukum dari praktik aborsi. Analisis ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang baik terkait kompleksitas isu aborsi di Indonesia dan mendorong pembahasan lebih lanjut akan solusi yang dapat digunakan untuk mencegah tingginya aborsi di Indonesia. Dengan begitu diharapkan agar kasus aborsi di Indonesia tidak naik setiap tahunnya.

Kata Kunci: Masyarakat, Praktik, Aborsi, Sosial, Psikologi

Syiah di Mata Anak Muda: Antara Ketakutan dan Keterbukaan akan Keberagaman Agama

Fazdad Masykur Annabil Myaskur — 2024-07-18

Abstract

History, Beliefs, and Main Practices of Shia Islam, Shia Islam is a branch of the Islamic faith with followers around the world. Its origins lie in the early split of the Muslim community after the death of Prophet Muhammad, focusing on the belief that spiritual leadership should be directly inherited from the Prophet's descendants, particularly through Imam Ali and his progeny. Additionally, we discuss Shia theological principles, such as the concept of Imamah, which posits that their imams possess divine authority to interpret Islamic teachings. Worship practices and rituals are also a significant part of Shia life, including fasting, prayer, and pilgrimages to the shrines of the imams as integral components of their religious practices. This abstract also covers the debates surrounding the legitimacy of Shia beliefs and their relationship with the more dominant Sunni branch of Islam. Furthermore, we review the political and social impacts of Shia communities in countries where they are either a majority or a minority, including conflicts and tensions in modern history. In conclusion, this abstract provides a comprehensive overview of Shia Islam as one of the main branches of Islam, playing a crucial role in the history and dynamics of the contemporary Islamic world.

Keywords: Shia, Youth, Religion

Abstrak

Sejarah, keyakinan, dan praktik utama Syiah yakni sebuah cabang dari agama Islam yang memiliki pengikut diseluruh dunia. Asal-usul Syiah dari perpecahan awal umat Islam setelah wafatnya Nabi Muhammad, dengan fokus pada keyakinan bahwa kepemimpinan spiritual seharusnya diturunkan secara langsung dari keturunan Nabi, terutama melalui Imam Ali dan keturunannya. Selain itu, kami membahas prinsip-prinsip teologi Syiah, seperti konsep Imamah yang menetapkan bahwa imam-imam mereka memiliki otoritas ilahi untuk menafsirkan ajaran Islam. Praktik ibadah dan ritual juga menjadi bagian penting dari kehidupan Syiah, dengan puasa, salat, dan ziarah ke makam para imam sebagai bagian integral dari praktik keagamaan mereka. Abstrak ini juga mencakup perdebatan seputar legitimasi keyakinan Syiah, serta hubungan mereka dengan cabang Islam Sunni yang lebih dominan. Kami juga mengulas dampak politik dan sosial Syiah di negara-negara di mana mereka menjadi mayoritas atau minoritas, termasuk konflik dan ketegangan yang timbul dalam sejarah modern. Kesimpulannya, abstrak ini memberikan gambaran menyeluruh tentang Syiah sebagai salah satu cabang utama dari Islam yang memiliki peran penting dalam sejarah dan dinamika dunia Islam kontemporer.

Kata Kunci: Syiah, Anak Muda, Agama

PENERAPAN ASAS ULTRA PETITUM PARTIUM DI PENGADILAN AGAMA PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM

Rommy Hardyansah — 2024-07-18

This research examines the application of the ultra petita partium principle in the Religious Courts from the perspective of Islamic law, namely a principle that prohibits judges from deciding cases beyond what is demanded by the parties to the case. This principle is one of the important principles held in religious justice. This research is based on legal research with the category of library research. The approach used in this research is a normative juridical approach. The results of the research show that basically the principles of justice, equality and non-burdensomeness in Islamic law are closely related to the application of the principle of ultra petitum partium. By ensuring that every individual is treated equally and that no decision exceeds the demands submitted, the Religious Courts can maintain fairness and integrity in every decision they make. However, there are exceptions where judges are deemed not to have violated the principle of ultra petitum partium when proceeding in the Religious Courts, especially in divorce cases regarding determining the maintenance of the wife and children who must be borne by the husband during the divorce lawsuit as stated in the provisional decision. Even without a provisional decision from the wife, the judge can issue a provisional decision.

ANALISIS FIKIH JINAYAH PENGENAI PENCABULAN SEDARAH

M. Malik Abdul Aziz — 2024-07-18

ABSTRACT

This research aims to analyze the perspective of jinayah jurisprudence on acts of incest. Incest is a very serious form of sexual crime in Islamic law, because it not only violates legal norms, but also moral and social values. This study uses qualitative methods with a normative juridical approach. Data was obtained through a literature study covering classical and modern jurisprudence books, as well as literature related to Islamic criminal law. The research results show that Islamic law provides very severe sanctions for perpetrators of incest, both in terms of hudud and ta'zir, depending on the context and conditions of the case. Apart from that, the analysis also highlights the importance of prevention through moral and religious education as well as the role of family and society in maintaining individual purity and honor. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of Islamic criminal law that is more comprehensive and responsive to contemporary issues.

Keywords: Obscenity, Incest, Jinayah Fiqh

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perspektif fikih jinayah terhadap tindak pencabulan sedarah (incest). Pencabulan sedarah merupakan salah satu bentuk kejahatan seksual yang sangat serius dalam hukum Islam, karena tidak hanya melanggar norma hukum, tetapi juga nilai-nilai moral dan sosial. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Data diperoleh melalui studi pustaka yang mencakup kitab-kitab fikih klasik dan modern, serta literatur terkait hukum pidana Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum Islam memberikan sanksi yang sangat berat bagi pelaku pencabulan sedarah, baik dari sisi hudud maupun ta'zir, tergantung pada konteks dan kondisi kasus. Selain itu, analisis juga menyoroti pentingnya pencegahan melalui pendidikan moral dan agama serta peran keluarga dan masyarakat dalam menjaga kesucian dan kehormatan individu. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan hukum pidana Islam yang lebih komprehensif dan responsif terhadap isu-isu kekinian.

Kata Kunci: Pencabulan, Sedarah, Fikih Jinayah

Urgensi Pemberian Izin Pengelolaan Tambang bagi Organisasi Kemasyarakatan "Keagamaan" di Indonesia: Analisis Regulasi dalam PP Nomor 25 Tahun 2024

Amanda Prastika — 2024-07-24

Government Regulation No. 25/2024 on the Amendment to Government Regulation No. 96/2021 on the Implementation of Mineral and Coal Mining Business Activities has sparked heated debate in Indonesia. One of the controversial points is the provision that allows religious community organizations to obtain mining business licenses, which is contrary to Law No. 3 of 2020 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining. The writing of this research uses normative legal research methods that emphasize in-depth study of laws and regulations that exist in society. This research was conducted to find out how the form of decisions on mass organizations that apply for licenses in PP No. 25 of 2024 and how efforts to apply for WIUPK by mass organizations according to PP No. 25 of 2024 and Law No. 3 of 2020. The research that will be outlined in the form of this article is entitled "The Urgency of Granting Mining Management Permits for "Religious" Mass Organizations in Indonesia: Regulatory Analysis in Government Regulation Number 25 of 2024" aims to examine these provisions in depth. This journal will analyze the urgency of granting mining permits for religious mass organizations, with an emphasis on the regulatory aspects contained in PP No. 25 of 2024.

RATIO DECIDENDI DALAM MENOLAK PUTUSAN GUGATAN PERCERAIAN BERDASARKAN PUTUSAN NOMOR 1319/PDT.G/PA.TBN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA TUBAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF KEADILAN

Khafaz Syah Fajar Ni'am — 2024-07-31

Marriage is an innate and inner bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife. In a marriage, various problems related to husband and wife will arise, so they are required to understand each other in all things. This research includes a type of empirical juridical research, namely examining the applicable legal provisions and what happens in reality in society, the researcher takes a location at the Religious Court, namely the Tuban Religious Court, as for the method used in analyzing the data using the descriptive analysis method. Based on the results of the study, there is a conclusion that can be drawn that based on Case Number 1319/Pdt.G/Pa.Tbn of 2023 there was a quarrel that lasted continuously which led to the separation of residences, Legal consequences after the decision of Case Number 1319/Pdt.G/Pa.Tbn of 2023 if the lawsuit is rejected then the wife still remains the official wife, then from the perspective of justice to Decision Number: 1319/Pdt.G/Pa.Tbn of 2023 is to file a new lawsuit, witha record of evaluating and improving the lawsuit as based on the Jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 110/K/KG/1992 dated July 23, 1993 which was used as a reference in the National Working Meeting (Rakernas) of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia in 2007. For the parties, it is necessary before and when entering into a legal relationship with marriage, it is necessary to consider and implement the purpose of marriage as per Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning marriage. Although the judge decides to use the applicable legal system when deciding the case, the judge can use his conscience by strengthening his or her suspicion about the consequences of disputes and quarrels that occur in a-quo cases as per the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 299/K/AG/2003 dated June 8, 2005.