Kontinuitas Pengobatan Penyakit Kronis bagi Lansia di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan: Analisis Normatif Berbasis Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54298/jk.v9i1.1022Keywords:
warga binaan lansia, penyakit kronis, kontinuitas pengobatan, hak atas kesehatan, maqāṣid al-syarī‘ahAbstract
Hak atas kesehatan merupakan hak asasi yang tetap melekat pada setiap orang, termasuk warga binaan lanjut usia (lansia) yang menjalani pidana di lembaga pemasyarakatan. Namun, meningkatnya prevalensi penyakit kronis pada kelompok lansia, seperti hipertensi, diabetes, dan penyakit jantung, menimbulkan kebutuhan akan pelayanan kesehatan yang tidak hanya tersedia, tetapi juga berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kecukupan pengaturan hukum mengenai kontinuitas pengobatan penyakit kronis bagi warga binaan lansia dalam sistem pemasyarakatan Indonesia serta menilai kesesuaiannya dengan hak atas kesehatan, prinsip kesetaraan pelayanan, dan perspektif maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan perbandingan terbatas terhadap Nelson Mandela Rules. Bahan hukum dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui pengujian sinkronisasi vertikal dan horizontal antara hukum kesehatan, hukum pemasyarakatan, serta instrumen hak asasi manusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia telah memiliki dasar normatif yang cukup kuat dalam menjamin hak kesehatan warga binaan, tetapi belum menyediakan pengaturan yang komprehensif mengenai kesinambungan terapi penyakit kronis, termasuk asesmen geriatri, ketersediaan obat, transfer rekam medis, mekanisme rujukan, dan layanan transisi pascapembebasan. Dari perspektif maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, kondisi tersebut menunjukkan belum optimalnya realisasi ḥifẓ al-nafs (perlindungan jiwa). Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan regulasi dan integrasi layanan kesehatan pemasyarakatan dengan sistem kesehatan nasional guna menjamin keberlanjutan pengobatan serta perlindungan hak kesehatan warga binaan lansia secara lebih efektif.
Downloads
References
Agbaria, N., Wirth, M., Winkler, V., Moazen, B., Van Hout, M. C., & Stöver, H. (2024). Determinants of access to primary healthcare for formerly incarcerated women transitioning into the community: a systematic review of the literature. BMJ Public Health, 2(2), e000735. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000735
Alves Da Costa, F., Verschuuren, M., Andersen, Y., Stürup-Toft, S., Lopez-Acuña, D., & Ferreira-Borges, C. (2022). The WHO Prison Health Framework: a framework for assessment of prison health system performance. European Journal of Public Health, 32(4), 565–570. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckac020
Annisa Fourkhani, & Arisman. (2022). ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMENUHAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN NARAPIDANA SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMENUHAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA (Studi Kasus Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIA Purwokerto). Justitia, 9(1).
Anwar, A. A. (2021). KESEHATAN WARGA BINAAN PEMASYARAKATAN LANJUT USIA DIDALAM LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN KELAS IIB CILACAP. Justitia, 8(3).
Anwar, K. (2024). GO GREEN : STRATEGI SANTRI MENJAGA LINGKUNGAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID. An-Nawa: Jurnal Studi Islam, 06(01), 64–76.
Ardinata, M. (2020). Tanggung Jawab Negara terhadap Jaminan Kesehatan dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Jurnal HAM, 11(2), 319. https://doi.org/10.30641/ham.2020.11.319-332
Auda, J. (2008). Maqasid al-shariah as philosophy of Islamic law: A systems approach. The International Institute of Islamic Thought.
Chan, I. (2025). Health optimization of older people in prison. Healthcare Management Forum, 38(1), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/08404704241255284
Chapra, M. U. (2008). THE ISLAMIC VISION OF DEVELOPMENT IN THE LIGHT OF MAQASHID SHARIA. London Office. www.iiituk.com
Dague, L., McNamara, C., Westergaard, R., Look, K. A., & Burns, M. (2025). Continuity of Prescription Medication Use among Adults Leaving State Prison. JAMA Network Open, 8(2), e2461982. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.61982
Fadhila, N. G. (2020). PELAKSANAAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN GERIATRI BAGI NARAPIDANA LANJUT USIA DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN DENGAN PEMERIKSAAN RUTIN. Jurnal Publicuho, 3(4).
Favril, L., Rich, J. D., Hard, J., & Fazel, S. (2024). Mental and physical health morbidity among people in prisons: an umbrella review. The Lancet Public Health, 9(4), 250–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00023-9
Febrianti, D. A., & Subroto, M. (2021). Pemberian Hak Narapidana Lanjut Usia dalam Pemenuhan Hak Kesehatan Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Jurnal Panorama Hukum, 6(2), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.24815/sklj.v4i1.16775
Hagos, A. K., Butler, T. G., Howie, A., & Withall, A. L. (2022). Optimizing the Care and Management of Older Offenders: A Scoping Review. Gerontologist, 62(9), E508–E519. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnab104
Hanif, A. I. (2021). ANALISIS PENYELENGGARAAN LAYANAN KESEHATAN BAGI NARAPIDANA LANJUT USIA (LANSIA) PADA LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN IIB TUBAN. Widya Yuridika, 4(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31328/wy.v4i1.2204
Hermansyah, A., & Masitoh. (2020). PEMENUHAN HAK NARAPIDANA LANJUT USIA BIDANG KESEHATAN DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN KELAS II A BANDA ACEH. Syiah Kuala, 4(1), 88–96. http://digilib.bkkbn.go.id/index.
Hewson, T., Minchin, M., Lee, K., Liu, S., Wong, E., Edge, C., Hard, J., Forsyth, K., Senior, J., & Shaw, J. (2024). Interventions for the detection, monitoring, and management of chronic non-communicable diseases in the prison population: an international systematic review. BMC Public Health, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-17715-7
Jeane, F., Simandjuntak, M. E., & Sulistyanto, H. (2021). Fulfilment of the Right to Health for Elderly Prisoners (Study at Class IIA Ambarawa Correctional Institution). SOEPRA, 7(2), 346–360. https://doi.org/10.24167/shk.v7i2.4188
Kamali, M. H. (2008). Shari'ah law: An introduction. Oneworld Publications.
Kendall, S., Lighton, S., Sherwood, J., Baldry, E., & Sullivan, E. A. (2020). Incarcerated Aboriginal women’s experiences of accessing healthcare and the limitations of the “equal treatment” principle. International Journal for Equity in Health, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-020-1155-3
Masura, I., & Wibowo, P. (2020). Pelayanan Khusus Warga Binaan Lanjut Usia Menurut PERMENKUMHAM HAM RI Nomor 32 Tahun 2018 Tentang Perlakuan Bagi Tahanan Dan Narapidana Lanjut Usia. Gema Keadilan, 7(3), 852–863. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.2020.9491
McLeod, K. E., Butler, A., Young, J. T., Southalan, L., Borschmann, R., Sturup-Toft, S., Dirkzwager, A., Dolan, K., Acheampong, L. K., Topp, S. M., Martin, R. E., & Kinner, S. A. (2020). Global Prison Health Care Governance and Health Equity: A Critical Lack of Evidence. American Journal of Public Health, 110(3), 303–308. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2019.305465
Morgenstern, C., & Rogan, M. (2023). ‘One always looks for a compromise…’: Senior prison managers’ views of law, human rights and prisoner complaints in Germany. Incarceration, 4. https://doi.org/10.1177/26326663231185898
Novryan, M., & Subroto, M. (2023). Analisis Pelayanan Kesehatan bagi Narapidana Lanjut Usia di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Jurnal Intelektualita, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.19109/intelektualita.v12i02.19820
Nyvoll, P. (2025). Patient or prisoner? Perceptions of prison healthcare services in Norway and the conflict between care and control. Incarceration, 6. https://doi.org/10.1177/26326663241311554
Onyeali, R., Howell, B. A., McInnes, D. K., Emerson, A., & Williams, M. E. (2023). The case for transitional services and programs for older adults reentering society: a narrative review of US departments of correction and recommendations. International Journal of Prisoner Health, 19(1), 4–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPH-08-2021-0073
Shepherd, A., Hewson, T., Hard, J., Green, R., & Shaw, J. (2021). Equivalence, Justice, Injustice – Health and Social Care Decision Making in Relation to Prison Populations. Frontiers in Sociology, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2021.649837
Suryandaru, E. (2021). PERLAKUAN KHUSUS TERHADAP NARAPIDANA LANJUT USIA DALAM PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN DAN KESEHATAN DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN. Widya Yuridika, 4(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31328/wy.v4i2.2265
Syafatullah, G., & Subroto, M. (2023). Pemenuhan Hak Narapidana Kelompok Rentan Khusus Lansia: Upaya Memenuhi Kesehatan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Jurnal Intelektualita, 12(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.19109/intelektualita.v12i002.19723
Widyawati, A., Maskur, M. A., & Aisy, R. (2025). The Urgency of Supervision Institutions in Implementing Prisoners’ Rights as an Effort to Restructure Criminal Execution Laws. Jambura Law Review, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/jlb/lsad010
Wilkinson, D., & Caulfield, L. (2020). A systematic review of the characteristics and needs of older prisoners. Journal of Criminal Psychology, 10(4), 253–276. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCP-06-2020-0023
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Anggit Febianto

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).












